Gérard Dôle explains that "the mazurka originated in the 16th century among the Mazurs of East central Poland and was rapidly adopted by the Polish court. It later spread to Russia and Gerrmany and by the early 19th century had reached France, England and the USA.
Prior to the 1930's, at Cajun house parties mazurkas were a common part of the round of dances which would feature polkas, waltzes, two-steps, mazurkas, varsoviennes and reels in order to give the dancers variety.
Discographically speaking, the Breaux Frères, Clifford, Ophy and Amédée recorded "Mazurka de la Louisiane" in 1934 for Vocalion. More recently, in the early 1970's, another Cajun old-timer, the fiddler Varise Conner (1906-1994) recorded at home "La Mazurka d'Eugène Michon"".

- Couldn't find "La Mazurka d'Eugène Michon". Might be this one on Neal'site:
http://npmusic.org/Tribute_to_Varise_Conner_Untitled_Mazurka.mp3

- Breaux Brothers' recording:

Thanks Christian.

How does one distinguish a cajun mazurka from a waltz? Is it kind of like you distinguish a cajun polka from a schottische?

THe song of Beausoleil "Chez Seychelles" is a waltz :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVdrG444YxI

and originally a mazurka "Mazok seychelles"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bs7k3fuzek

Marc.

so...you just emphasize the 2 and 3 instead of the 3 and 1 and it turns into a Mazurka?

Wikipedia
The mazurka (in Polish mazurek, plural mazurki) is a Polish folk dance in triple meter, usually at a lively tempo, and with "strong accents unsystematically placed on the second or third beat.

I don't know for sure, but for a mazurka you need to count until twelve with dancing and with a waltz it's always 1,2,3